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Capital Punishment, also known as the death penalty, is the severest form of
penalty for crime. The death penalty is illegal in some states. Whether or not the criminal
deserves the death penalty will be decided by a jury. To be considered for the death
penalty today, the crime must be no less severe than first degree murder which means
murder with premeditation, the suspect must be convicted of murder beyond all
reasonable doubts. Some other factors considered by the jury are the age of the victim,
the way the crime was committed, the number of victims and the history of the murderer.
There have been five methods of execution since recent history Lethal Injection,
Gas Chamber, Electric Chair, Hanging and Firing Squad. Recently, most death penalties
have been carried out by lethal injection. The process of execution is as follows. After the
execution order is received, the condemned inmate is moved into a special security area
of the prison. Based on hourly checks, the staff documents his/her behavior and brings
anything unusual to the warden's attention. The inmate receives priority visiting
privileges; no visitors are turned away without authorization of the warden. Every effort
is made to accommodate visits by the inmate's attorney including weekend or holiday
visits if necessary. Two reports are prepared within three weeks of the established
execution date. The first is 0 days before execution; the second is seven days before
execution. Each report includes Psychiatric report - Results and interpretation of
examinations, interviews and history of the inmate by three psychiatrists which will be
used to determine the inmate's sanity; Chaplain report - Comments on the inmate's
spiritual and emotional well-being; Summary of behavior - Observations noted by case
worker and custody staff; Cover letter from warden - Includes firsthand information from
interviews, observations or communication with the inmate and his/her family or friends.
Within 0 to seven days before the execution, the inmate's attorney may submit current
psychiatric information that may have a bearing on the sanity of the condemned inmate.
This information will be provided to the panel of psychiatrists to consider in completion
of the pre-execution psychiatric reports. The last 4 hours the inmate gets to enjoy his
favorite meal, watch TV or listen to the radio, then he or she will receive a new pair of
denim trousers and shoes. Just before the execution, the inmate is asked if he or she has
any last words while three syringes are prepared with lethal chemicals. The syringes
contain 5.0 grams of sodium pentothal in 0-5 cc of diluent, 50 cc of pancuronium
bromide, 50 cc of potassium chloride and are administered into the body respectively.
After the application of sodium pentothal the inmate will lose consciousness, then the
arteries will be blocked by the pancuronim bromide, and last the potassium chloride will
stop the inmate's heart. As required by law a physician is present to declare when death
occurs. The body is usually claimed by the victims family, if not, it will be taken care of
by the prison.
From 10 to 167, ,85 persons were executed under civil (nonmilitary)
jurisdiction in the United States. During this period over half of those executed were
black, 45 percent were white, and the remaining small percentage were of other racial
groups American Indian, Chinese, Japanese, and Filipino. The vast majority of those
executed were men;women were executed from 10 to 167. Three out of five
executions during that period took place in the southern U.S. The state of Georgia had the
highest number of executions during the period, totaling 66 -- more than nine percent of
the national total. Texas followed with 7 executions; New York with ; California
with ; and North Carolina with 6. Most executions (,4 of ,85) were for the
crime of murder; 455 prisoners (1%), ninety percent of them black, were executed for
rape; 70 prisoners were executed for other offenses. During the same period, the U.S.
Army (including the Air Force) executed 160 individuals, including 106 executions for
murder (including 1 involving rape), 5 for rape, and one for desertion. Private Eddie
Slovik was the first military personnel ever to be executed for desertion in 145. The U.S.
Navy has executed no one since 184. From 176, when executions were resumed, until
this year, there have been 80 executions in the US. This includes 66 during 001 and 71
in 00. About two out of three executions are conducted in only five states Texas,
Virginia, Missouri, Florida and Oklahoma. Texas leads the other states in number of
executions. In late 00, there were about ,67 prisoners sentenced to death in 7 state
death rows, and 1 being held by the U.S. government and military. About one point five
percent are women. A hundred and two have been exonerated and freed since 17,
largely after having been proven innocent by DNA evidence. In spite of the slight
increase in U.S. executions between 001 and 00, the number of new death sentences
decreased significantly.
The death penalty issue has been the focus of much controversy in recent years.
There are ample valid arguments on both the pro's and the con's side. Pros would argue
society shouldn't have to pay for the upkeep of a criminal that is deemed too risky to ever
be returned to society, the an eye for an eye principle, the only true justice for the
murders is in the form of the death penalty, FBI studies have shown that it does deter
crime. And Cons of this issue would argue many studies have shown that the death
penalty does not deter crime, the death penalty is cruel and unusual punishment which
violates the 8th amendment of the Constitution of the United States of America, and the
chance of error in which the victim can no longer be freed after the execution has been
carried out. This issue is still in heated debate in our society today and will be for the rest
of its existence.
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