Critique of Turning South Again

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In Turning South Again, Houston Baker is taking a stab at explaining the painful truths of American racism. The author argues that the American South and its regulating institutions have always been at the center of the African American experience. He draws parallels between the strictures on black mobility of the old plantation system and a current prison-industrial complex. He uses his own experience of growing up in Louisville to analyze the place of blacks in American society. The first half of the book deals with modernism's performative masquerade in the persona of Booker T, Washington, the Tuskegee Institute and the black south mobility.The second half of the book deals with plantations, ships and black modernism.

The controlling purpose or thesis of the book is to examine the author's own memories, the "ineradicable dilemmas of black modernism, and the protocols of black male subject formation."The author identifies the South as the primary moving force in the history of the African American experience.It is his desire to "comb archives, annals, mythicohistorical lines of black southern past that is, in very profound and undeniable ways, the past of the Americas.""As Malcom X has averred, 'Mississippi' was anywhere in the United States south of the Canadian border."The author is calling for new southern studies and new American cultural studies.Drawing on the history of Booker T. Washington, the Tuskegee Institute, and his own memories growing up as a young black man in the segregated South, Houston Baker reconsiders the meanings, limitations, and the potential of a black modernism. Bakers revisionist understanding of Washington and the practice of his own scholarship are attempts to liberate black modernism and establish an achieved modernism, facilitating a black public sphere assembly and exchange capable of producing focused speaking and life-enhancing change for the black majority.In order to do this, Baker also suggests, discussions about U.S. history and history should place greater emphasis on the South. By including a section about growing up in the South, Baker contributes further to the theme of centralizing the South in American cultural studies and countering the effects of mulatto modernism on black modernism.

In Turning South Again, the chapter are set up to reflect the various sub-themesthe regulating institutions, the alteration of the author's interpretation of Booker T. Washington, the folly of Tuskegee Institute. The book explains that the African-American, the male in particular, is being hunted down and boxed in by the "Blue Men", the police and government.Baker argues that from the holds of slave ships to the peonage of Reconstruction to the contemporary prison system, incarceration has largely defined black life in the United States. The modern white apologist are apologetic about the millions of African American bodies displaced and disappeared by Euro-American consumer revolution and transatlantic trade while they continue to incarcerate black males by the hundreds of thousands.

Washingtons school at Tuskegee, Baker explains, housed and regulated black bodies no longer directly controlled by slave-owners.Houston derides Washingtons very choice of location for Tuskegee Institute--on an abandoned plantation--as well as his emphasis on servile occupations or vocations from which blacks were excluded, and his general policy of not offending whites.As a black southerner, Booker T. Washington wanted the black masses to be rid of all ideas of education that produce high hated black urban dandies infected by politics, preaching, and the fast cosmopolitan life of modern cites.Washington wanted to provide an educational instruction that would bring the black body under control.This amounted to a zealous aestheticization of slavery. The title bestowed in Washington and his institution is "Master of the Tuskegee Plantation."Washington, literally and publicly, worked within the framing mind of the South to produce not a utopia of black modernism at Tuskegee but a retrograde and imperialist plantation.

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In Turning Back South, an additional sub theme is the contention that Washingtons emphasis on racial uplift through training skills not education created a mulatto modernism that compromised black attempts at full citizenship and modernity. It is through stories, folklore, literature, and conversation that African Americans resist racism and create their own subjectivity.Had Washington dedicated himself to black mass-mobilization toward citizenship and taught the black majority of the country districts how to "dress for success", southern Black America might well have been on its way to an empowering modernity?Tuskegee's anachronism also included Washington philosophy of the black majority's relationship to mobility, civil society, and citizenship right.This mulatto modernism labored to keep blackness out of the public eye, polling places, and sites of assembly.Washington argued for a black peasant southern plantation economics that would forestall rather than foster mobility of the black-South body beyond or out of abjection.

One of the strengths of Turning South is the methodology of the book. The author uses autobiographical prose, literary criticism, and psychoanalytic writing to give a scathing and insightful essay on race issues that lyrically and evocatively explores the painful truths of American racism.The book is organized well and Houston writes particularly well about the South but he emphasizes that the lessons he teaches apply throughout the United States.I found Houston somewhat stimulating and captivating, the more I read, the more I got into what I was reading. He has a unique way of getting the message across in a way that will interest the reader and make him want to go on. The intended readers are black America and it is appropriately designed for such an audience.The citations from or other types of evidence were sufficient to support the authors position.The writer's background has a definite influence on his approach to analyzing the evidence. The author is successful in convincing the reader that Washington and his institute created a mulatto modernism that black-South body did not overcome until the revolutionary operations of the civil rights and black power movements of the 150s and 160s. He demonstrates, in addition to clear analysis, a capacity for a well-constructed and presentable historical argument of the damage of Booker T. Washington on black modernism.The book does successfully argue the consequences of mulatto modernism for black modernism.

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A beautiful day for a barbecue

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A Beautiful Day for a Barbecue

The sun was shinning through the open windows illuminating the ranch style home with a cheerful brightness.A warm yet gentle breeze was filtering through the house, bringing with it an aromatherapy that filled the air with a soothing scent of blooming flowers and freshly cut grass.It was a Saturday afternoon in July of 000; it was a glorious summer day in a quaint residential neighborhood of Providence, Rhode Island.It truly is a beautiful day to have a barbecue, Scott Smith thought to himself, as he gazed through his front window while he patiently waited for his friend Jim to arrive.Scott was invited to attend a barbecue this afternoon at the home of his close friends Jim and Amy, a married couple he was very fond of.They were very good old friends and a bit overprotective of Scott too.Although unnecessary, Jim was always insistent on driving Scott wherever he needed to go.Meanwhile, as he waited for Jim, Scott found himself in a trans-like state looking through the window watching his next-door neighbors busy at work in their yard.The husband was cutting the grass while his wife prepared the grill for barbecuing.He watched as their young children pleasantly giggled and played outdoors.This sight was quite joyous for Scott to watch, for he had a great admiration of children and they seemed to take to Scott quite fondly too.Suddenly, Scott was overwhelmed with a familiar feeling of deep sorrow and loneliness.He backed away from the window wearing a slight frown on his face.Scott has many friends but he still feels lonely.All his friends found love and are involved in serious relationships where some married and raised families.Scott longs to find someone who will love him unconditionally.Of course he is thankful of having many close friends but at times he finds himself to be envious of them.He desperately wants to have the same life they have.Scott Smith is a successful businessman, owns a lovely home and has many close friends. He is quite handsome with his thick wavy blonde hair and piercing blue eyes and he just turned thirty years old three days ago.Unfortunately, Scott Smith is physically challenged, he has a condition called Spina Bifida.His spinal cord was not fully formed at birth, leaving him partially paralyzed and permanently confined to a wheelchair.Scott's condition does not prevent him from leading a normal life.He could accomplish almost anything.Yes, he does drive a custom made van and he socializes frequently with his close friends, attending nightclubs, restaurants and social gatherings.Yet when Scott goes out on the town with his friends, he feels that everyone, especially women, look at the chair and do not bother to take notice of the person in the chair.

In December of 18, Scott's sister Sarah introduced him to the Internet.Scott did not know it then, but the Internet was going to change his life forever and for the better.He spent most of his spare time online and in chat rooms.He talked to a variety of people from all over the U.S. and other countries too.He rarely told the people he spoke to online about his wheelchair.The few times he did tell anyone was when they arranged to meet him but all the cases he thought, were charitable ones. The few women he did meet never called him back or made any effort to remain friends.Scott was starting to lose hope; he was thinking that he would have to resign to live a life without the love of a spouse or a child.

Two months ago, in the middle of May 000, Scott had no plans for the weekend and there was nothing good to watch on television.It had been a while since he chatted online so he decided to sign on to the Internet and entered the "0's Singles" chat room.He answered to a woman who was asking if there were any males in the room who lived near Cape Cod, Massachusetts.Scott replied and told her that his parents lived there and he was from Providence, Rhode Island.They started chatting and he found out her name was Ruth; she had three children and was going through a brutal divorce.The more they chatted, the more they seemed to have in common.They shared the same interests in films, books, music, children and animals.She even had pet rats, so did Scott by the way.They continued chatting for hours almost every night since then becoming closer and closer.Scott began to confide in Ruth and told her about his condition.She seemed different from everyone else he spoke to before; she was genuinely interested in Scott and began asking him many questions concerning his condition.The following evening Scott and Ruth chatted for hours and hours, they didn't realize how late it was. Scott finally told Ruth he had to go and asked if he could talk to her online again tomorrow.Ruth immediately asked Scott if she could have his home phone number.Scott was shocked!He could not believe what he had just read!He was shaking so much he had a hard time typing his own phone number.After Scott gave Ruth his phone number they both said goodnight and signed off.Scott was still rubbing his head wondering to himself why did she ask for my phone number?He did not expect to hear from her, he gave his phone number out to a few women before and they never called him.Scott thought that Ruth was just trying to be nice and she asked for his number to be courteous.He lay down on his bed and five minutes later the phone rang.Scott was shaking so much he almost dropped the phone!He answered with a raspy "hello", and on the other end a soft feminine voice replied "hello Scott", it was Ruth!She wanted to hear Scott's voice and wanted to say goodnight to him on the phone so he can hear her voice too.They chatted on the phone for quite a while that evening.Ruth shocked Scott once again when she told him that she wanted to meet him and asked if he wanted to set a date and time when they could meet.Scott was speechless for a few minutes then he finally spoke and said he would love to meet her.They made plans to meet the following weekend on Saturday.Ruth said she would drive to meet him. Scott was amazed, shocked, surprised, enlightened, he was totally delighted, his spirits were so uplifted, he felt like a new man!He still had some doubts but he knew that he could at least be a friend with Ruth, if nothing more.The next few days seemed like weeks, they were chatting every day online and on the phone.The more they chatted the stronger Scott's feelings were getting for Ruth.He told himself that he was just dreaming and that he would probably end up getting hurt again.

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Finally, Saturday came!Scott was so nervous that he was rolling back and forth in his chair, with his eyes focused, starring through his window with such anticipation.His heart was pounding so loud it sounded like a drum beating.Every second he waited seemed like an eternity.Finally, he saw a small red car pull up in his driveway and he immediately opened his front door and wheeled himself onto the porch to greet them.Suddenly, before he even spoke a word, a young blonde haired boy walked up the stairs towards him and asked him if his name was Scott.An enormous smile instantly appeared on Scott's face and he answered the young boy "yes I am Scott".The young boy responded and said, "My name is Jason can I use your bathroom?" Scott chuckled and this made him feel more at ease.He was just about to answer the young boy when Ruth appeared in front of him and he had to catch his breath.She was beautiful!She said, "hello Scott", like she has numerous times before, but actually seeing and hearing her was like a breath of fresh air.He composed himself and invited Ruth and the other children inside his home.The children were all very well behaved and took to Scott instantly.The young blonde haired boy Jason, he was thirteen; Jessica was ten, and then little Rebecca she was three. Rebecca wanted to sit on Scott's lap and go for a ride on his wheelchair.After a little while Scott drove Ruth and her three children over to visit Jim and Amy.They all went site seeing and to an animal feeding park that the children would enjoy.Unfortunately, Ruth had to end the day early due to situations at home concerning the finalization of her divorce.Scott asked her to call as soon as she gets home; he wanted to make sure she had a safe trip back.The children hugged him goodbye and then Ruth kissed Scott softly on the lips and thanked him for a lovely afternoon.As Ruth pulled away, Scott wondered, would I ever hear from her again?He was falling in love with Ruth and his heart would not let him deny it.He had never felt this way before.The feeling was immense, and it was a wonderful feeling.An hour and a half later Scott's phone rang, it was Ruth, and she thanked him again.She mentioned that, during the whole ride home the kids were talking about how much fun they had with uncle Scott.This brought a smile to Scott's face and he told her to tell them that he had great fun too.She ended the conversation by telling him how she would have more time to spend with him when her divorce was final and that she would call him soon.Several weeks passed without any word from Ruth except for an email he received from her a few days ago.In the email she wrote that she was very busy and the divorce was days from being final.She also wrote that she would get in touch with him soon.But another two more weeks went by without a word from Ruth.Scott was beginning to lose hope, but this time his heart was aching.

Finally, Jim had arrived; he startled Scott as he briskly walked in through the opened front door.Cheerfully he asked Scott if he was ready to go to the barbecue and have some juicy burgers.Scott answered him by saying " it truly is a beautiful day to have a barbecue."Jim sensed the unhappiness Scott was feeling in the tone of his voice. Scott did not say one word in the car on the drive over to the barbecue.Jim tried to cheer him up by telling him a few of his corny jokes, but it was not helping.He knew that Scott did not hear from Ruth in weeks.Jim and Scott had a brother-like relationship.They would always confide in each other and help each other in time of need.When they pulled into Jim's driveway, the silence was broken.Jim's children were playing in the front yard and instantly greeted uncle Scott.Little Joey, who was four years old, ran up to Scott and asked to sit on his lap.This was routine, of course, whenever uncle Scot visited.A smile appeared on Scott's face as he greeted the children.Jim's older son Jacob instantly took over.He guided and wheeled uncle Scott around the walkway and into the backyard.Suddenly, as he opened the gate and entered the yard, over thirty people loudly shouted out "HAPPY BIRTHDAY SCOTT"!Scott was speechless once again.An enormous smile covered his entire face!An overwhelming feeling of warmth and happiness overcame his entire body.He can almost feel the warmth in his legs!Yes, he was happy that his friends were all there to celebrate his birthday.But the magnificent sight he saw before him was what made him feel this amazing warmth all over!In the wonderful bright light of the afternoon sun, there stood Ruth and her three children!This was a heavenly sight to see!!Ruth wanted to surprise Scott.She told him that she didn't want to burden him with her problems.She told him once her divorce was final, her husband moved away to another country. She had to be the responsible parent and re-organize her life.The biggest surprise Scott received for his birthday, was when Ruth told him that she re-located and rented an apartmentblocks away from his house.The company she worked for let her transfer and she also enrolled the children in an elementary school in Providence.

It is now July of 00; the sun still shines through the windows of the ranch style home, illuminating it with a warm and cheery brightness.Oh yes, that insatiable summer breeze is still bringing in wonderful scents of flowers and freshly cut grass.The sounds of Jason, Jessica and little Rebecca playing outside are quite delightful!"It truly is a beautiful day to have a barbecue", Scott smith says to his wife Ruth.Ruth replies, "yes indeed my love, it truly is a beautiful Saturday afternoon."

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Dinner at the Homesick Restaurant

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Introduction.

In this book by Anne Tyler, Pearl appears in many parts as a typical older person

anxious, denying the loss of faculties, re-examining the past, assessing her children, and

so on. To determine what degree these factors were always part of Pearls make-up and Write my Essay on Dinner at the Homesick Restaurant for me

evident in earlier periods of her life, in her youth or single-motherhood stages, this paper

will provide a review and discussion of Anne Tylers book, Dinner at the Homesick

Restaurant, followed by a summary of the research in the conclusion.

Review and Discussion.

The debate over nature versus nurture has been in existence for many years, with the

nature crowd arguing that people are born ready-made and the nurture crowd

suggesting that people learn to become what they are. This debate is particularly

appropriate in determining whether Pearl Tull had always been born the way she was,

fully possessed of the qualities and traits that would later define her life. This analysis is

assisted since the story is presented from a retrospective point of view from the outset,

supplemented by insightful reflections and poignant vignettes from Pearls past to

reinforce her regrets.

From one perspective, it would seem that Pearl was, in fact, just like everyone else in

many regards, particularly as she grew older; she was reluctant to accept the physical

losses that came with the aging process, she had an continuous tendency to reexamine

and second-guess the events that had shaped her life the way it is today, but always

pessimistically. As the end of her life is at a near, Pearl also tended to rationalize away

even the most irrational types of her own behavior if it was supported by even a shred of

reasonableness or generally just happened to serve her purposes. For example, early on in

the story, Pearl makes the untenable connection between meeting Beck Tull at the

Charity Baptist Church and her need to change religious affiliations just so her reward

would not be snatched away (Chapter 1). Faith in this regard was merely an ends to a

regrettable means, and Pearls faith continued to be rocked again and again as her

husband abandons her and the familys three children. An old saying advises that When

everyone is against you, paranoia is just a good idea; another suggests that if Enough

people call you a horse, youd better buy a saddle. To this end, Pearl had some good

reasons to be paranoid and believe that her children were, in fact, dirty rotten human

beings that deserved what they got in life. Absent any further personal development from

these characters, they would undoubtedly continue to engage in these petty and

self-destructive types of behaviors. Here, people are just people and will tend to try to get

away with whatever they can until they realize there is more to life than what you can

steal from your brother or wangle from your business associates.

From another point of view, it would seem that Pearl was much like anyone else, and

managed to attribute all of the character flaws and failures of her children to their own

personal flaws and shortcomings Pearl believes now that her family has failed. Neither

of her sons is happy and her daughter cant seem to stay married. There is no one to

accept the blame for this but Pearl herself . . . Still sometimes she has the feeling that its

simply fate, and not a matter for blame at all

Abraham Maslow, a psychologist that I learned in great detail from my psychology

course would probably say that Pearl was stuck in a self-defeating, pre-self-actualized

phase that prevented her from recognizing that she was not personally responsible for

every-damn-thing that went wrong in the world, but this is what happens to some people

when they believe the universe revolves around them. For these people, self-deprecation

and lamentations are not the same sort of soul-searching that mature people engage in;

rather, these are the sources of some type of sick pleasure, much like that achieved by

constantly tonguing a sore tooth. They know its going to hurt, but some people find the

pain delicious.

Pearl thinks that, Something was wrong with all of her children. They were so frustrating

-- attractive, likable people, the three of them, but closed off from her in some perverse

way that she couldnt quite put her finger on. ... She wondered if her children blamed her

for something. Sitting close at family gatherings ... they tended to recall only poverty and

loneliness -- toys she couldnt afford for them, parties where they werent invited. The

author ensures that the reader realizes there are two sides to the story all along, though,

and Pearls children, by contrast, constantly referred to Pearls short temper, . . .

displaying it against a background of stunned, childish faces so sad and bewildered that

Pearl herself hardly recognized them. Honestly, she thought, wasnt there some statute of

limitations here? When were they going to absolve her?

From any childs perspective, there is no statute of limitation (witness the number of

Freudian-based psychotherapists in business today); however, for an individual such as

Pearl who is stuck in a poor pitiful me rut, the statute only runs if it is convenient. For

example, Pearls doubts about her children remain a recurring theme throughout the book.

Ezra Tull, the oldest child, is on the way up and on the way down at the same time;

Jenny, the second child, manages to achieve professional success at the cost of personal

happiness. A popular term today for the Tull family would be dysfunctional (the sibling

rivalry between the brothers in particular), but Pearl certainly had never intended to

foster one of these good son/bad son arrangements.

Conclusion.

Everyone, it seems, has at least some serious doubts about the decisions they have made

in life and the directions they have taken to the exclusion of others. Many people in fact

spend much of their lives reexamining these paths not taken rather than trying to make

the most of the ones they did tread, and Pearl is not exception. Further, it only seems

natural to evaluate the lives of ones children in light of what they have done in life and

who they have become to determine if there were oversights or mistakes made. However,

the past cannot be changed and the future is a nebulous uncertainty. In the final analysis,

all anyone has for certain at the end of life are their memories and faith.

Please note that this sample paper on Dinner at the Homesick Restaurant is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Dinner at the Homesick Restaurant, we are here to assist you.Your cheap custom college paper on Dinner at the Homesick Restaurant will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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Death of a dumb saslesman

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The first important thing to note is the author's choice to name it

a' Requiem' rather than' epilogue'. The

definition of Requiem in' The concise Oxford dictionary'

is' special Mass for repose of souls of the dead'. This

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really reveals what main purpose the author had in mind for this end

chapter.

The Requiem serves as a tribute to Willy Loman. Sympathy is evoked and

reasons for his behaviour are given. Charley gives the central

speech' Nobody dast blame this man. A salesman has got to

dream, boy. It comes with the territory.' Any blame or anger at

Willy is counteracted. It echoes Linda earlier in the play' But

he's a human being, and a terrible thing is happening to him. So

attention must be paid.' It is made absolutely certain that Willy

is sympathised with rather than cursed. Though Biff criticises Willy and

argues with him, he still respects him and is compassionate'

A fine, troubled prince. A hard-working, unappreciated prince'.

The dramatic car crash at the end of the previous scene would be a

violent ending, and would leave us with many questions. Before he kills

himself it looks like things are on their way to getting better, as if

Willy realises the importance of himself in the family. We can see that

Willy is killing himself to help Biff' Can you imagine that

magnificence with twenty thousand dollars in his pocket?'. Its

ironic that Willy commits suicide to further Biff's career when it

serves to finish it, but it convinces Happy, the son who was always

second best, to carry on like his father. We know that Biff has no need

for the money, as the things he appreciates in life are free. He thinks

that his family will be thankful' Ben, he'll worship

me for it!' when we know they won't. Without the Requiem we

wouldn't know how they would react if Biff would aspire to

be like his father, if they would understand him or forgive him. The

Requiem is an assertion of a vaguely happy ending, with hope in the form

of Biff. With the Requiem we know that Willy's suicide just

convinced Biff further of the danger of the American dream.

Another point that is underlined in the Requiem is the unsuitability of

his dreams. Though in the play it is mentioned that Willy enjoyed using

his hands, it is not fully recognised how much until the Requiem. Willy

never seemed to be happy or inspired enough to be a truly successful

salesman, but' he was a happy man with a batch of cement'.

Happiness is essential to succeed as a salesman' Riding on a

smile and a shoeshine'. We wonder if Willy had chosen another path

and not' had the wrong dreams. All, all wrong' whether the

story would be a happier one. All the characters except, significantly,

Happy recognise this. The Requiem emphasises how Willy didn't

really succeed on any level socially, professionally or

personally. The aspect of' success' is a central theme in the

play. The notion of the American Dream's commercial success versus

personal success and happiness crops up many times. Willy was not true to

himself, and so was not successful. He was always in competition -'

I'm always in a race with the junkyard!'' the man who

creates personal interest is the man who gets ahead'. All the

characters recognise Willy's love for DIY in the Requiem, its

undisputed his dreams were the wrong ones. Apart from his enthusiasm for

Biff, it is one of the few things Willy gets really excited about'

the reconstruction I put on this house! There ain't a crack to be

found in it anymore.' Biff sees this' We don't

belong in this nuthouse of a city! We should be mixing cement on some

open plain'. We know he will go on and be a success, but in his own

way' I saw the things that I love in this world. The work and the

food and the time to sit and smoke . . . Why am I trying to become what I

don't want to be?'. It is a further irony that Biff will

be' magnificent' as a result as Willy's death, but not

in the way Willy envisaged.

The Requiem continues the many themes of the play. The pressure of

consumerism in society' My God, if business don't pick

up I don't know what I'm gonna do!'. Willy strived to

achieve all the' mod cons' of the era the nice house,

the refrigerator, the Chevvy, but we find that he couldn't really

afford them. We wonder how much the pressures of the consumer society

contributed to Willy's demise. Willy worked himself to death in a

job he was unsuitable for to achieve these things but' They time

them so when you finally paid for them, they're used up'.

These payments seem to be the only thing Linda lets herself understand

about Willy's problems. At the very end she shows how much she

doesn't understand' Why did you do it? . . . I

can't understand it, Willy. I made the last payment on the house

today . . . We're free and clear'. She is as seduced by the

consumerism as Willy' They got the biggest ads of any of

them!' but she is more accepting of the constant hard work the

icons entail. We see throughout the play how Linda makes excuses for him

to their sons and avoids the subject of Willy's sanity' Oh.

Maybe it was the steering again'' No, it's me,

it's me'. But though Linda misunderstands the problems we can

see her absolute love for him. She talks to him with' Infinite

patience' she says how' Hes the dearest man in the world to

me' and' Hes not the finest character that ever lived. But

he's a human being . . . So attention must be paid'. Linda

could be seen as a' lost soul', she is confused

somethings she understands but others completely miss her. She

understands on one level Willy's problems' He was so good

with his hands' but can't grasp the underlying truth. She

doesn't benefit or learn anything from Willy's suicide;

she's just left lonely.

Also underlined in the Requiem is Charley's understanding,

compassion and sympathy for Willy. Through the play Willy has called

Charley names' you big ignoramus' and says' Hes

liked, but not well liked' and has been too proud to accept a job

off him though he borrows money every week pretending its his wages to

Linda who we find knows where the money is really from. We can see

how Charley has only ever been friendly and helpful, but Willy completely

takes it the wrong way. It is ironic that Willy says' Who the hell

do you think you are, better than everybody else?' when it is Willy

who is always saying how much better he is than others. But as Willy

himself says' Charley, you're the only friend I got.

Isn't that a remarkable thing?'

The main theme of the play is the' American dream'. The idea

that' a man can end with diamonds here on the basis of being

liked' is the main drive of Willy. Through out the play we can see

how the dream has turned sour, but it is underlined in the Requiem. The

apartment buildings' [rise into sharp focus]' at the very end

of play, which demonstrates how over bearing and pressuring society was

around him, and how much society was to blame. The music that is usually

used to signify Willy's recollections is also present. This shows

that Willy's memories are still there, but are dwarfed by the ever

increasing society. Willy blames the population increase for destroying

his home,' They massacred the neighbourhood!' and'

Theres more people, that's what's ruining this

country!'

For Willy the ideal is his brother Ben and Dave Singleman. According to

Willy, Ben' walked into a jungle, and comes out, the age of twenty

one, and he's rich!'. Ben is the figment of many of

Willy's' flash backs' and he uses him to give him the

final encouragement for suicide. Dave Singleman is often talked about by

Willy as his hero, his ideal. He aspires to be like him and often talks

about how great his funeral was.' He died a death of a salesman . .

. hundreds of salesmen and buyers were at his funeral.' When he

speaks of suicide he dreams of how his funeral will be like that

the Requiem draws a sharp contrast between the reality.' Ben, the

funeral will be massive!' is then shown to be a sad

unreality' Why didn't anybody come?'. The

Requiem shows how unlike his heroes he was. Willy's whole

aspiration was to be liked, but the funeral shows how this achieved him

nothing. Though he was liked in his younger days, as he got older his

friends' died or retired' and the younger salesman made fun

of him' Walrus'' I'm ridiculous to look

at, Linda'. But the lack of people at his funeral wasn't

because he was disliked, people were just indifferent. Through out the

play people leave Willy because they don't have enough time for

him Howard -' I've got a line of people to see this morning.

. . go home, will ya?'; Bernard' I gotta run'

and even Ben' But I've only got a few

minutes' .

The funeral also shows how much of his life was false. He made up stories

to his sons even in the happier old times' I park my car and the

police protect it like one of their own', and before he dies he

can't accept how unhappy he is. He sometimes admits his

failure' People just don't seem to like me' but Linda

doesn't want to hear it' Nonsense'. Biff understands

the consequences' I never got anywhere because you blew me so full

of hot air I could never stand taking orders from anybody!' The

constant lies put pressure on him and remind him of his failure because

he never does as good as he wants to. It is obvious through out the play

that his sanity is going' Biff is a lazy bum!' when a

few sentences later he says' One thing about Biff is that hes not

lazy'. As well as his contradictions he is unable to separate

reality from his imagination he becomes confused and frightened

that Charley doesn't know who hes talking to' [unnerved] What

do you mean, who died?'.

The Requiem serves to assert the character's endings and

personalities. We see how Biff is wise to the whole situation' Will

you take that phony dream and burn it before something happens?'

and how he will get out of it' all I want is out there, waiting for

me the minute I say I know who I am'. In the Requiem Biff

says' Charley, the man didn't know who he was' which is

an echo of before in the play' The man don't know who we

are!'. Willy is in denial and it seems only Biff of the family will

admit to these things.

What is also asserted is Happy's character. He is just like his

father, and wishes to carry on like him. This is ironic as Happy was

always the least favourite, and he craved attention from a young

age' I'm losing weight, pop, you notice?' to middle

age' I'm getting married' and little care was paid.

Which is perhaps what made him love him all the more he strives to

be like him. He has unachieveable dreams like Willy and similarly says

unrealistic statements' Pop, I told you I'm gonna

retire you for life'. He is defensive about any attacks about

Willy' [almost ready to fight Biff]' though he denies any

involvement with him in the restaurant' No, that's not my

father. He's just a guy'. Despite the tragedy of

Willy's life Happy refuses to accept it' Willy Loman did not

die in vain. He had a good dream . . . I'm gonna win it for

him'.

A subtle point in the Requiem is the thought that Willy Loman died many

years ago as a salesman and was carrying on as a shell of a man. His

mistress was seen as part of the American dream, but this'

perk' traumatised his son and consequently wrecked his family life.

On some level Willy realised how artificial the whole'

successful' lifestyle was and ruined his relationships with his

family, which was his whole inspiration. His family was such an integral

part of his life that the whole dream soured with it. This then wrecked

his confidence and his business. The' woman' was another

false symbol of success that ruined his life.

The Requiem highlights the themes of the play, especially the falseness

and the dangers of the American dream and Willy's unsuitability for

it, and draws the play to a conclusion. We see that it is possible to get

out of the unsatisfying ideals it brings if it is realised soon enough.

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Famous Judgement of Paris

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Famous Judgement of Paris

The famous Judgement of Paris has nothing to do with a city in France. However Paris was the Prince of Troy. The golden apple referred to by the Judgement of Paris was the time bomb that ended up destroying the city of Troy.

The city of Troy was built for Priam's father by the gods, Apollo and Poseidon, during a time in which they were being punished by having to work among mortal men. Since destiny had decreed that Troy would one day be captured in a place built by human hands, the gods invited the mortal man Aeacus to help build the city.

Troy was attacked by Hercules, Telamon, and Peleus as a punishment for Laomedon not giving Hercules a reward of immortal horses for rescuing his daughter, Hesione from a sea monster that Poseidon had sent after Laomedon had denied to pay his debt to him. Hercules promised to return Hesione unharmed if Laomedon who had promised to give him two stallions which he (Laomedon) had received from the gods of Tros years before. Hercules seized Hesione and married her off to his friend, Telamon whom later killed Laomedon after Hercules had sacked Troy with only a handful of troops. But this was a full generation and a half before the famous Trojan War.

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King of Troy had a son, Paris, from his wife, Hekabe.It was foretold that Paris should be killed at birth or he would destroy the city. Paris was rescued by shepherds, and grew up on an 800 acre farm by Mt. Ida. He returned to the royal family after being recognized while competing as a young adult in the athletic games in Troy.

All the gods except Eris, the goddess of strife, were invited to celebrate the marriage of Peleus, a mortal, and Thetis, the sea nymph. Eris went anyway, and took with her a golden apple reading "For the Fairest."Zeus's wife and two daughters made claims for the apple. Zeus refused to cast a judgement between his wife and daughters.So the task of choosing a winner went to Paris.Prizes were promised to Paris by each of the three goddesses Wife Hera offered power, daughter Athena offered military glory and wisdom, and Aphrodite offered him the most beautiful woman in the world as his wife.Paris gave the apple to Aphrodite and this became known as the Judgement of Paris.

Helen, daughter of Tyndareus and Leda, was famous for her beauty throughout the world, and was the very woman whom Aphrodite had destined for Paris. Helen married Menelaus, King of Sparta and her twin sister, Klytaimnestra married Agamemnon, King of Argos, the most powerful leader in Greece.

Paris went to Sparta as a Trojan ambassador and fell in love with Helen.Helen left Sparta with Paris and went to Troy.Menelaus, the heart broken husband demanded Helen to return to Sparta.After the Trojans refused to heed to the demand, the Spartans had the Greeks assemble an army to invade Troy.

The Greeks assembled a fleet of a thousand ships at Aulis with Agamemnon as commander-in-chief.The high winds continued to delay the sail of the fleet until Agamemnon sacrificed his daughter to Artemis, the moon goddess.

Protesilaus was the first man ashore with the first army of Greeks, and was killed by Hector, son of Priam and leader of the Trojan army.The Trojans denied the recovery of Helen to the Greek's second embassy, which caused a seige of many years.

Achilles son of Peleus and Thetas was educated by Chiron, the centuar (half man and half horse) and it was foretold that he would die in battle and his mother would mourn in great sadness. To protect him, she bathed him as an infant in the river Styx, which was told to make anybody that touched it invulnerable to any kind of weapon. Known for being a powerful warrior; Achilles was offended by Agamemnon in the tenth year of the war, which caused him to withdraw himself and his forces from any further participation in the battle and Agamemnon knew Achilles was a crucial key factor to conquering Troy.

Hector enjoyed great success against the Greeks during the absence of Achilles, the greatest of the Greek warriors. There are several different stories regarding the different battles and numerous incidents that took place during this time.

Achilles, still offended, refused to participate in battle and gave his suit of armour to his friend Patroclus. However Patroclus was killed by Hector forcing Achilles to return to battle.

Achilles without his suit of armour, cornered Hector alone outside of Troy. Hector, choosing to fight instead of returning to the city, was killed mutilated and drug behind Achilles' chariot.

Achilles's career as the greatest warrior ended in the tenth year of war when Paris, Hectors brother shot him in the heel with an arrow, his only vulnerable spot - still called the Achilles tendon.

Philoctetes, whom the Greeks has abandoned on Tenedos for ten years, killed Paris with an arrow shot from the bow of Hercules.

The sacred statue of Athena was taken by Odysseus and Diomedes in hopes that Troy would fall. However the city did not fall. Now the Trojan horse came into being. The Greeks filled a wooden horse with armed soldiers and left it at the front gates of Troy. The Trojans were told that the horse was an offering to Athena, but the Greeks has built it so large that it would not fit through the gates of Troy.

The Trojans tore down the wall, pulled the horse inside and celebrated their victory. The city of Troy was totally destroyed at night when the Greek soldiers came out of the wooden horse. Helen was returned to Menelaus. This was the end of the great Trojan War that lasted ten years.

There are several different, even contradictory versions of events. There is no one authoritative narrative of the whole war. The Old Testament and the story of Jesus Christ are the two possible exceptions that no story in our culture has inspired over centuries more then the Trojan War. The Trojan War was fundamental narrative in Greek education. Those tragedians whose works survived wrote plays on various aspects, these treatments in turn helped by adding variations to the traditional story.

The Old Testament narratives over time became codified in a single authoritative version. However the Trojan War story exists as a larger collection of various versions of the same events. The war could be interpreted as a heroic tragedy, as a fanciful romance, as a satire against the warfare, a love story, a passionately anti-war tale and more. There is no single version that defines the "correct" sequences of events nor one single interpretative slant as to how one should understand the war.

The golden apple is the key factor to the beginning of the Trojan War. Once again a single apple has ruined lives just like with Adam and Eve.

Please note that this sample paper on Famous Judgement of Paris is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Famous Judgement of Paris, we are here to assist you.Your persuasive essayon Famous Judgement of Paris will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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